Page 94 - Prathima Volume 12

m%;sudk Ydia;%Sh ix.%yh
2018$2019 fodf<diajk fj¿u
4' oCIsK kHdh" úl,am m%fõYhla jYfhka ú.%y lsÍu

woH;k iudcúoHd kHdh iïm%odhka ;=< oCIsK kHdh úfYaIfhka idlÉPdjg
Ndckh fõ (Burawoy, 2010)' hqfrdamSh úoaj;=ka úiska úl,am m%jdyfha kHdhka
jYfhka oCIsK kHdh y÷kajd fokq ,efí' tfia o jqj;a zzúl,am m%fõYhZZ hkak o
.egÆ iy.; Ndú;hls' zzúl,am m%fõYhZZ kue;s Ndú;h ;=< m%Odk m%jdyhka
fjkqjg Ndú; l< yels w¾:h wka;¾.; ù we;' fï ;=< o iqúfYaI iïm%odhka iys;
iudc l%uhka ;=< mj;sk {dk óuxid;aul iïm%odhkag biau;= ùug wjia:dj fkd
,efí' úfYaIfhka iudcúoHd kHdhka f.dv ke.S ;sfnkafka nyqúO iïm%odhka uQ,sl
fldg f.k h' zzúpdrd;aul iudcúoHd iïm%odhZZ hkq 20 jk ishji uOH Nd.fhys
j¾Okh jQ t jeks kHdh iïm%odhls (Dillon, 2014)' fulS kHdh iïm%odhka j¾Okh
jQfha úl,am m%fõYhka jYfhka fkdfõ' tajd m%Odk m%jdyfha kHdh iïm%odhka
jYfhka ms<s.kq ,eìK' kHdhla hkqfjka w¾:l:kh lrkq ,nkafka lsishï
ixisoaêhla ms<sn| iuqÉph lrk ,o oekqï iïNdrhls' tfia o jqj;a ixisoaêh foi
n,k wdldrfhys mj;sk fjkialï fya;=fjka mqoa.,hd úiska f.dv k.kq ,nk
oekqï moaO;Skaf.a fjkialï biau;= úh yels h' udlaiajdoS iïm%odh úiska iudc
ixisoaëka wj,dalkh lrkq ,nk wldrh iy lD;HjdoS oDIaáh w;r meyeos,s fjkila
we;' fï wkqj" iudc ixisoaëka ú.%y lsÍfuys oS fyda úYaf,aIKh lsÍfuys oS kHdh
lsysmhla fhdod .ekSu fhda.H nj fmfka'

iudcúoHd kHdh iïm%odhka w;r wdêm;H ork fndfydauhla kHdhka i¾júYaùh
fhda.H;djla iys; oekqï moaO;Ska jYfhka ms<s.kq ,efí' jHqyjdoh" jHqylD;Hjdoh"
mYapd;akQ;k jdoh jeks kHdh iïm%odhka fndfydauhla úYaùh ms<s.ekSulska Ndú;
lrkq ,nk w;r tajd w;r nyqúO fjkialï mj;shs' tfia o jqj;a" uq,a ld,Sk kHdh
iïm%odhkag tfrysj j¾Okh jk úl,am m%fõYhka jYfhka ms<s.kq fkd ,efí'
úfYaIfhka u úpdrd;aul kHdh iïm%odh c¾uksfha úfhkd ljh ^úoHd¾Ò ix.uhla&
wdY%fhka ìys jQfha udlaiajdofha ÿ¾j,;d fmkakqï lrñka h' tfia o jqj;a th úl,am
ú.%yhla jYfhka ms<s.kq fkd ,nk w;r m%Odk oyrdfõ kHdh iïm%odhla njg m;a ù
;sfí' thg fya;=j jkafka" iudc ixisoaëka ms<sn| t f;la fkd ÿgq wxYhla t u.ska
meyeos,s lsÍu h' oCIsK kHdh" fï wdldrfhka u fu ;fla fkd ÿgq wxYhka ú.%y
lsÍug bosßm;a jqj;a" m%Odk oyrdfõ kHdh iïm%odhla f,i ms<s.ekSug lsishï
ue,slula mj;sk njla fmfka'

oCIsK kHdh hkq tla kHdh ú.%yhla fkdjk w;r" nyqúO ú.%yhka .Kkdjla
ye|skaùu i|yd Ndú; lrkq ,nk P;% mohls ^Umbrella Term&' fmros. iy ,;ska
weußldj jeks" iudcúoHdfõ uq,a kHdh iïmdok wjia:djkays oS wjOdkhg fkd .;a
iudcj, mj;sk iudc ;;a;ajhka y÷kd .ekSu iïnkaOfhka bosßm;a lrk ,o
kHdhka .kKdjla oCIsK kHdhg wka;¾.; fõ' kj udlaiajdoS oelau o oCIsK kHdh
hgf;a ú.%y l< yels jqj;a" tys uQ,sl wdia:dkhka fndfyda ÿrg udlaiajdoh iu.
iïnkaO ùu ksid flf;la ÿrg oCIsK kHdh iïm%odh hgf;a ú.%y l< yels o hkak
ms<sn| .egÆjla biau;= ù we;' *%Ekala" ió¾ wóka jeks kj udliajdoS
kHdhdpd¾hjreka úiska f.k tk ,o kHdhd;aul ;¾lhka yqfola kùlrK ixl,amh
ms<sn| úfõpkhlska hqla; jk w;r" i;H jYfhka u iudc l%uhka ;=< mj;sk

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