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57 2022 ckjdß
úYdrofhl= jYfhka Tyq m%dÖk wOHhkj,g iu.dój
.%Sl" ,;ska" ySn%E" m¾ishdkq" wrdì" Ök iy ixialD;
NdIdj o we;=¿ NdId 28 la ish Ôú; ld,fha § m%.=K
l< nj i|yka fõ' 1783 j¾Ifha§ wekd udßhd ^Anna
Maria& iu. újdy jk Tyq tu jif¾§u rdcldß lghq;=
i|yd bkaÈhdjg meñKsfhah' udßhd Ôjk iyldßh
muKla fkdj fcdakaiaf.a wOHhk ld¾hhkays Tyqf.a
iydhsldh o jQjdh' Tyq jhi wjqreÿ 47 § tkï 1793
wm%sfh,a 27 jk Èk ñh .sh w;r foayh l,algdfõ
ijq;a md¾la ùÈfha iqidk N+ñfhys ;ekam;a lrk ,È'
fcdakaia ish jD;a;Sh Ôú;h wdrïN lrk ,oafoa
WmfoaYlfhl= yd mßj¾;lfhl= f,i h' kuq;a jhi
wjqreÿ 25 § muK Tyq m%dÖk Ydia;%{fhl= f,i
lS¾;shg m;a úh' bkamiq 1770 § kS;sh yeoEÍug mgka
.;a w;r tys m%;sM,hla jYfhka 1783 ud¾;= udifha w.§
bkaÈhdfõ fnx.d,fha l,algdfjys ú,shï fldgqfõ
wdishdfõ w;S;h msysá fY%aIaGdêlrKfha lksIaG úksiqrejrfhl= f,i
m;a ùu hs' ta wkqj fcdakaia ish ìß| o iu. 1783
fidhd .sh iema;eïn¾ 25 Èk wêlrKfha fiajh i|yd l,algdjg
meñ‚fhah' fuu wd.ukh Tyqf.a Ydia;%sh lghq;=
jd.aúoHdj yd iu.dój bkaÈhdkq wOHhk flfrys
úYsIagfhda - 1 fhduq lsÍug fya;=jla jQ nj fmfka'
fï ld,fha§ tkï 18 jk ishjfia w.Nd.h ;=<
Y%Su;a ú,shï fcdakaia ^1746-94& bx.%SiSkaf.a fmrÈ. bkaÈhd fj<| iud.fï (English
East India Company) fiajh l< ks,OdÍkaf.a
bx .%Sis cd;sl jd.aúoHd{fhl= (Philologist)" wjOdkh bkaÈhdfõ fm!rd‚l;ajh flfrys fhduq
m%dÖk Ydia;%{fhl= (Orientalist) iy ùu fcdkaiaf.a ld¾hhka u.ska o ukdj wjfndaO
kS;sfõÈfhl= jQ Y%Su;a ú,shï fcdakaia (Sir William lr.; yelsh' tjlg ngysr foaYhkays j¾Okh
Jones) ^l%s'j' 1746-94& m%lgj we;af;a bkaÿ-hqfrdamSh fjñka mej;s woyia iy kHdhkag wkql+,j bkaÈhdfõ
NdId w;r iïnkaO;dj ms<sn| Tyq úiska bÈßm;a mqrdila;fõofha wdrïNh i|yd moku ilia lrñka
lrk ,o woyia fya;=fjks' Tyq 1746 iema;eïn¾ 28 bx.%Sis idys;HOrhl= jQ wdpd¾h ieuqfj,a fcdkaika
jk Èk ,kavkfha fjiaÜñksiag¾ys§ .‚;{fhl= (Samuel Johnson) ^l%s'j' 1709-84& iy Tyqf.a ñ;=re
f,i lghq;= l< ú,shï fcdakaiaf.a ^l%s'j' 1675-1749& ú,shï fcdakaia bkaÈhdfõ mqrd;k wjfYaI ms<sn|
iy udß kslaia fcdakaiaf.a (Marie Nix Jones) f;jk úêu;a úu¾Yk isÿ lsÍfï wjYH;djh y÷kd .ekSfï
orejd f,i Wm; ,enqfõ h' j¾I 1749 § mshd ñh .sh mqfrda.dó fufyjrla bgq l<y' ta wkqj fcdakaia 1784
neúka Tyqj yod jvd .kakd ,oafoa uj úisks' fcdakaia ckjdß ui 15 jk Èk bkaÈhdfjys mqrdila;fõ§ka
1753 jif¾§ ,kavkfha yefrda ^Harrow& úoHd,hg lKavdhulf.a ixiohla ìyslsÍfï wruqKska
we;=<;aj ySn%E NdIdj bf.k .;a w;r mdi,a ld,fha§ l,algdfõ wdishd;sl ix.uh msysgqùh' wdishd;sl
olaI lúfhl=" fpia l%Svlfhl= fukau úYsIag u;lhla ix.uh msysgqùu jQ l,s wyUq isÿùula fkdj bka
we;s wfhl= f,i m%lg úh' bkamiq Tyq Tlaia*¾â fmr bkaÈhdfõ úúO m%foaYhkays iaudrl .fõIKfha
úYajúoHd, úoHdh;khg ne£ tys§ wrdì iy m¾ishdkq fhÿKq fndfyda WfoHda.su;a Èf,;a;ka;Ska fyj;a l,d
NdId bf.k .;af;ah' ú,shï fcdakaia 1773 § Tlaia*¾â rislhkaf.a ld¾hhka uqÿka meñKSula nj fmkShk
úYaj úoHd,fhka mYapd;a Wmdê o ,nd .;af;ah' NdId lreKls' wdKavqldr fckrd,a fjdrka fyaiaáxia
(Warren Hastings) ^l%s'j' 1732-1818& wNskj ix.ufha
